List of countries' copyright lengths

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Worldwide map of copyright term length

This is a list of countries and their copyright terms, the lengths of their standard copyrights, in years. When a work's copyright term ends, the work passes into thepublic domain.

The list also includes entries for non-country entities: theEuropean Union, Berne Convention, and the Universal Copyright Convention, which set minimum terms for their member states or signatories. The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), though not included, requires a copyright length of at least 50 years after death.

[hide]

Legend[edit]

0, no copyright = Not copyrighted
Life + xx years = Copyrighted for authors' lifetime plus xx years after their deaths
xx years after publication, creation, etc. = copyrighted for xx years since publication, creation, etc., of works
Until year end = Copyrighted until the end of a calendar year, i.e. December 31
Berne = Country has signed the Berne Convention, see Berne in the "Countries, ..." column
TRIPS = The Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) is an international agreement administered by the World Trade Organization (WTO) that sets down minimum standards for many forms of intellectual property (IP) regulation as applied to nationals of other WTO Members.
WCT = The World Intellectual Property Organization Copyright Treaty, (WIPO Copyright Treaty or WCT), is an international treaty on copyright law adopted by the member states of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in 1996.

Table[edit]

Countries, areas, and entities	Copyright terms based on authors' deaths^{[Note 1]}	Copyright terms based on publication and creation dates^{[Note 1]}	Until year end?
Afghanistan	Life + 50 years^[1]	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[1] 50 years from publication (published after authors' deaths)^[1] 50 years from publication (audiovisual works)^[1] 50 years from publication (photographic,painting works)^[1] 50 years from creation (phonogram)^[1]	Yes (Afghan calendar)^[1]
Albania	Life + 70 years^[2]^{:Art. 17}	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[2]^{:Art. 18} 70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (photographic or audiovisual work of joint authorship)^[3] 25 years from production (works of applied art)^[2]^{:Art. 20}	Yes^[2]^{:Art. 21}
Algeria	Life + 50 years (except posthumous work)^[4]^{:Art. 54}	50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (collective work, anonymous or pseudonymous work, audiovisual work, posthumous work)^[4]^{:Arts. 56–58, 60} 50 years from creation (photographs or the work of applied art^[4]^{:Art. 59}	Yes^[4]^{:Arts. 54, 56–58, 60}
Andorra	Life + 70 years^{[Note 2]}^[5]^{:Art. 18(1), (4)}	70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (collective work with unknown authorship)^[5]^{:Art. 18(3)} 70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[5]^{:Art. 18(5)}	Yes^[5]^{:Art. 18(8)}
Angola	Life + 50 years^[6] Life + 25 years (photographic works or applied arts)^[6]		Yes^[6]
Anguilla	Life + 50 years^[7]	50 years from the death of the author, of the last surviving author for works with more than one author.^[7]
Antigua and Barbuda	Life + 50 years^[8]^[9]^{:s. 10(1)}	50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (anonymous or pseudonymous work, computer generated work, sound recording or film)^[9]^{:s. 10(2), (4), 11(1)} 50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service^[9]^{:s. 12(1)} 25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of a published edition)^[9]^{:s. 13}	Yes^[9]^{:s. 10(1), 10(2), (4), 11(1), 12(1), 13}
Argentina	Life + 70 years^[10]^{:Art. 5}	50 years from publication (anonymous intellectual works belonging to institutions, corporations or legal persons)^[10]^{:Art. 8} Phonograms: 70 years from first publication.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]Photographies: 20 years from first publication.^[15]Cinematographic works: 50 years after death of the last survivor among the producer, the director, the screenplay writer or the composer (for musical comedies).^[15]	Yes^[10]^{:Art. 5}
Armenia	Life + 70 years ^[16]^{:Art. 37}	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)^[16]^{:Art. 37}	Yes^[16]^{:Art. 37}
Aruba	Life + 50 years^[17]^(wikisource)
Australia(including external territories)	Life + 70 years^[18]^{:s. 33} [Life + 50 years (death before 1955)]^[19]	70 years from publication (sound recordings, cinematograph films)^[18]^{:s. 93, 94} 50 years after making (television broadcasts and sound broadcasts)^[18]^{:s. 95} 25 years from publication (published editions of works)^[18]^{:s. 96} [50 years from publication (photographs, no longer applicable since 1 January 2005)]^[19]	Yes^[18]^{:ss. 93–96}^[19]
Austria	Life + 70 years^{[Note 3]}^[20]^{:§ 60, 62}^[21]	70 years from publication; 70 years from creation if unpublished (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[20]^{:§ 61}	Yes^[20]^{:§ 64}
Azerbaijan	Life + 50 years (except posthumous work published at first time during 30 years)^[22]^{:Art. 25(1), (2)}	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work; posthumous work published at first time during 30 years)^[22]^{:Art. 25(2), 26(1), (3)}	Yes^[22]^{:Art. 25(1), (2), 26(1), (3)}
Bahamas	Berne (The Berne Convention states that all works except photographic and cinematographic shall be copyrighted for at least 50 years after the author's death, but parties are free to provide longer terms)
Bahrain	Life + 50 calendar years (except posthumous work)^[23]^{:Art. 31(1)}	50 calendar years from publication (cinematographic films, applied arts works and photographs; anonymous or pseudonymous works; corporate works; posthumous works)^[23]^{:Art. 31(2)(a–d)} 40 years from publication or 50 years from completion, whichever is earlier (computer software)^[23]^{:Art. 31(3)}
Bangladesh	Life + 50 years
Barbados	Life + 50 years^[24]^[25]^{:s. 10(1)}	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)^[25]^{:s. 10(3)} 50 years from making (computer-generated work)^[25]^{:s. 10(4)} 50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (sound recordings and films)^[25]^{:s. 11} 50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service^[25]^{:s. 12} 25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of a published edition)^[25]^{:s. 13}	Yes^[25]^{:ss. 10–13}
Belarus	Life + 50 years^[26]^{:Art. 22(1)}	50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (anonymous or pseudonymous works)^[26]^{:Art. 22(2)} 50 years from fixation (performance)^[26]^{:Art. 38(1)} 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from fixation (phonogram)^[26]^{:Art. 38(2)} 50 years from the first broadcast or cable transmission^[26]^{:Art. 38(3)}	Yes^[26]^{:Arts. 22(4), 38(4)}
Belgium	Life + 70 years^[27]
Belize	Life + 50 years^[28]	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[28] 50 years from publication (sound recording or film)^[28] 50 years from publication (computer-generated work)^[28]	Yes
Benin	Life + 50 years
Bermuda	Life + 50 years^[29]
Berne Conventionsignatories	Life + 50 years^[30] Signatories may grant longer terms.^[31]	50 years from publication or if not shown 50 years from creation (cinematographic works)^[32] 50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)^[33] 25 years from creation (photographic works)^[34] Signatories may grant longer terms.^[31]	Yes^[35]
Bhutan	Life + 50 years^[36]
Bolivia	Life + 50 years^[37]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Life + 70 years^[38]
Botswana	Berne, TRIPS, WCT^[39]
Brazil	Life + 70 years^[40]
British Indian Ocean Territory	unknown
British Virgin Islands	unknown
Brunei	Life + 50 years^[41]
Bulgaria	Life + 70 years (EU)^[42]
Burkina Faso	Life + 70 years^[43]
Burundi	Life + 50 years ^[44]	50 years from publication (phonograms)^[44]
Cambodia	Life + 50 years^[45]
Cameroon	Life + 50 years^[46]
Canada	Life + 50 years^[47]^[48]	For anonymous works, 50 years from publication or 75 years from creation, whichever is shorter.^[47]	Yes ^[47]
Cape Verde	Life + 50 years^[3]
Cayman Islands	unknown
Central African Republic	Berne, TRIPS
Chad	Berne, TRIPS
Chile	Life + 70 years^[49]
China, People's Republic of (Mainland only)	Life + 50 years (citizens' works)^[50]^{:para. 1}	50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (works of legal entities, cinematographic works, films or photographic works)^[50]^{:paras. 2–3}	Yes^[50]
Colombia	Life + 80 years^[51]^{:Art. 21}	80 years from publication (cinematographic works)^[51]^{:Art. 37}	Yes^[51]^{:Art. 28}
Comoros	Berne
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	Berne, TRIPS
Congo, Republic of the	Life + 50 years^[52]
Costa Rica	Life + 70 years^[53]
Côte d'Ivoire	Life + 99 years (except posthumous works published within this period)^[54]^{:Art. 45(1)}	99 years from publication (photographic or audiovisual works or works of applied art; anonymous or pseudonymous works; posthumous works)^[54]^{:Art. 45(3)(a–c)}	Yes^[54]^{:Art. 45}
Croatia	Life + 70 years^[55]
Cuba	Life + 50 years
Curaçao	Life + 50 years^[56]
Cyprus	Life + 50 years (EU, WCT)^[57]
Czech Republic	Life + 70 years^[58]^{:Art. 27(1)}	70 years from publication (anonymous works)^[58]^{:Art. 27(3)}	Yes^[58]^{:Art. 27(7)}
Denmark	Life + 70 years^[59]
Djibouti	Life + 25 years (Berne, TRIPS)^[60]^{:Art. 59}	25 years from publication or if unpublished 25 years from completion (film)^[60]^{:Art. 62} 25 years from completion (a photographic work or a work of applied art)^[60]^{:Art. 63}	Yes^[60]^{:Art. 65}
Dominica	Life + 70 years^[61]
Dominican Republic	Life + 50 years^[62]
Ecuador	Life + 70 years^[63]
Egypt	Life + 50 years^[64]
El Salvador	Life + 50 years^[65]
Equatorial Guinea	Berne
Eritrea	the latter of Life + 0 years or 50 years since publication^[66]
Estonia	Life + 70 years (EU)^[67]^{:§ 38(1)}	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)^[67]^{:§ 40}	Yes^[67]^{:§ 43}
Ethiopia	Life + 50 years^[68]
European Union Members	Life + 70 years^[69]^{:Art. 1 (1)}	70 years from publication or if unpublished 70 years from creation (anonymous works. The terms "shall be calculated from the first day of January of the year following the event which gives rise to them"(art.3).)^[69]^{:Art. 1 (3), (6)}	Yes^[69]^{:Art. 8 (1)}
Fiji	Life + 50 years^[70]
Finland	Life + 70 years^[71]	50 years from publication (sound recordings, television broadcasts and sound broadcasts)^[72]^{:Arts. 46, 48} 50 years from creation (photographic works)^[72]^{:Art. 49a}	Yes^[72]^{:Art. 43}
France	Life + 70 years (except posthumous works published after this term)^{[Note 4]}^[73]^{:Arts. L123-1, L123-2} The following additions to copyright term formerly applied to all works, but the FrenchCour de Cassation has found them to be superseded by later copyright treaties, thus limiting the copyright term to life + 70 years total, at least for non-musical works of authors who did not "die for France".^[74] + 6 years 152 days for musicalwork published through 1920^[73]^{:Art. L123-8} + 8 years and 120 days formusical work published through 1947^[73]^{:Art. L123-9} + 30 years for all works if the author died on active service^[73]^{:Art. L123-10}	70 years from publication (pseudonymous, anonymous or collective works)^[73]^{:Art. L123-3} 25 years from publication (posthumous works published after Art. L123-1 term)^[73]^:L123-4	Yes^[73]^{:Arts. L123-1, L123-3, L123-4, but not Arts. L123-8 or L123-9}
Gabon	Berne, TRIPS, WCT
Gambia	Life + 50 years^[75]
Georgia	Life + 70 years^[76]
Germany	Life + 70 years^[77]	25 years from first publication or first public performance if copyright has expired before such publication or performance, or if the work has never been protected in Germany and the author died more than 70 years before the first publication^[78]	Yes^[79]
Ghana	Life + 70 years^[80]
Greece	Life + 70 years^{[Note 5]}^[81]^{:Arts. 29, 31(3)}	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous works)^[81]^{:Art. 31(1)}	Yes^[81]^{:Arts. 29, 31}
Grenada	Berne, TRIPS^[82]
Guatemala	Life + 75 years^[83]^{:Art. 43}	75 years from publication or if unpublished 75 years from creation (computer programs and collective works; anonymous or pseudonymous works; audiovisual works)^[83]^{:Arts. 44, 45, 47}	Yes^[83]^{:Art. 48}
Guinea	TRIPS, WCT
Guinea-Bissau	Berne, TRIPS
Guyana	Life + 50 years^[84]
Haiti	Berne, TRIPS^[85]
Honduras	Life + 75 years^[86]	70 years from publication or, if unpublished within 50 years, 70 years from creation (works of applied art and photographs)^[87]	Yes^[87]
Hong Kong^{[Note 6]}	Life + 50 years (literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works with known authorship)^[88]^{:s. 17(2)} Life + 50 years (films)^[88]^{:s. 19}^{[Note 7]}	50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works with unknown authorship)^[88]^{:s. 17(3)} 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (sound recordings)^[89]^{:s. 18} 50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service^[89]^{:s. 20} 25 years from publication (typographical arrangement of published editions)^[89]^{:s. 21}	Yes^[89]^{:s. 17, 18, 20, 21}
Hungary	Life + 70 years^[90]
Iceland	Life + 70 years^[91]
India^[92]	Life + 60 years (except posthumous works)^{[Note 8]}^[93]^{:s. 22}	60 years from publication (posthumous works, photographs, cinematograph films, sound recordings, works of public undertakings, and works of international organisations)^[93]^{:ss. 24–27, 28A, 29}	Yes^[93]^{:ss. 22, 24–27, 28A, 29}
Indonesia	Life + 50 years^[94]
Iran	Life + 50 years^[95]	30 years from publication (photographic or cinematographic works)^[96]
Iraq	Life + 50 years^[97]	5 years from publication (photographic works)^[98]
Ireland	Life + 70 years^[99]
Israel	Life + 70 years^[100]	50 years from publication (photographs created till May 2007)^[101]	Yes^[102]
Italy	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]^[103]^{:Art. 25}	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[103]^{:Art. 27} 20 years from publication (copyright of State, the provinces, the communes, the academies or public cultural organizations, or to private legal entities of a non-profit making character)	Yes^[103]^{:s. 25, s. 32ter}
Jamaica	Life + 50 years^[104]
Japan	Life + 50 years^[105]^{:Art. 51(2)}	70 years from publication or if unpublished 70 years from creation (cinematographic works)^[105]^{:Art. 54(1)} 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (works of a legal person or other corporate body)^[105]^{:Art. 53(1)}	Yes^[105]^{:Art. 57}
Jordan	Life + 50 years^[106]
Kazakhstan	Life + 50 years^[107]
Kenya	Life + 50 years (literary, musical or artistic work other than photographs)^[108]^{:s. 23(2)1}	50 years from the latest of creation or publication (audio-visual works and photographs)^[108]^{:s. 23(2)}	Yes^[108]^{:s. 23}
Kiribati	Life + 50 years^[75]
Kosovo	Life + 70 years^[109]	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work) 70 years from the death of the last surviving co-author. 70 years after the lawful disclosure of the collective work	Yes
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of	Life + 50 years (Berne)^[110]	Works authored by "an institution, enterprise or organization", 50 years from publication^[110]
Korea, Republic of	Life + 70 years^[111]^{:Art. 36}	70 years from publication or if unpublished 70 years from creation (organizational works)^[111]^{:Art. 38}	Yes^[111]^{:Art. 40}
Kuwait	TRIPS^[112]
Kyrgyzstan	Life + 50 years^[113]
Laos	Life + 50 years.^{[Note 9]}	50 years after making available. Also: Anonymous/pseudonymous work: 50 years from the date the work was made available to the public; Cinematographic work: 50 years from making available, failing that, 50 years from making; Applied art: 25 years from date of creation. Related: Performances, phonograms, broadcasts: 50 years since the date of performance, fixation, and broadcast, respectively.
Latvia	Life + 70 years^[116]^{:Art. 36} [Life + 50 years]^[117]	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[118]	Yes^[116]^{:Art. 38}
Lebanon	Life + 50 years^[119]
Lesotho	Life + 50 years^[75]
Liberia	Life + 50 years^[120]
Libya	Life + 25 years with 50-year minimum (as of 1968; may have changed since)
Liechtenstein	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]^[121]
Lithuania	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]^[122]
Luxembourg	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]^[123]
Macau^(b)	Life + 50 years^[124]^{:Art. 21(1)}	50 years from publication (anonymous works)^[124]^{:Art. 23} 50 years from publication (audiovisual works)^[124]^{:Art. 106} 25 years from completion (works of applied art and photographic works)^[124]^{:Arts. 148 & 155}	Yes^[124]^{:Art. 21(3)}
Macedonia	Life + 70 years^[125]
Madagascar	Life + 70 years^[126]
Malawi	Life + 50 years^[127]
Malaysia	Life + 50 years^[128]
Maldives	Life + 50 years from death.
Mali	Life + 50 years^[129]
Malta	Life + 70 years^[130]
Marshall Islands	0, no copyright.^{[Note 10]}^[131]^[132]The Marshall Islands is also party to several treaties which contain clauses relating to intellectual property.^[133]	0, no copyright.^{[Note 10]}
Mauritania	Berne, TRIPS
Mauritius	Life + 50 years^[134]
Mexico	Life + 100 years (effective 23 July 2003 non-retroactively)^[135] [Life + 75 years (before the law change on 23 July 2003, applicable for deaths before 23 July 1928)]^[136] [Life + 50 years (before the law change on 1 January 1994, applicable for deaths before 1 January 1944)]^[137]
Micronesia	Life + 50 years^[138]
Moldova	Life + 50 years^[139]
Monaco	Life + 50 years^[140]
Mongolia	Life + 50 years^[141]
Montenegro^{[Note 11]}	Life + 70 years^[142]
Morocco	Life + 50 years^[143]
Mozambique	Life + 70 years^[144]
Myanmar	TRIPS
Namibia	Life + 50 years (except posthumous works)^[145]^{:s. 3(2)(a)}	50 years from publication (posthumous works)^[145]^{:s. 3(2)(a)} 50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (cinematograph films, photographs and computer programs)^[145]^{:s. 3(2)(b)}	Yes^[145]^{:s. 3}
Nauru	Life + 50 years^[146]^[147]^{:s. 2(3), s. 3(4)}	50 years after publication (sound recordings,^[146]^[147]^{:s. 12(3)}cinematograph films^[146]^[147]^{:s. 13(3)(b)} (except for newsreels, or if registered under the Cinematograph Films Act 1938),^[146]^[147]^:Secondtelevision and sound broadcasts,^[146]^[147]^{:s. 14(2)}photographs,^[146]^[147]^{:s. 3(4)(b)}engravings,^[146]^[147]^{:s. 3(4)(a)}posthumous literary, dramatic and musical works^[146]^[147]^{:s. 2(3)}and anonymous literary, dramatic and musical works)^[146]^[147]^{:Second Schedule} 25 years after publication (published editions of literary, dramatic or musical works)^[146]^[147]^{:s. 15(2)} 50 years after occurrence of event (newsreels)^[146]^[147]^{:s. 13(8)} 50 years after death of last author to die (works of joint authorship)^[146]^[147]^{:Third Schedule}	Yes^[146]^[147]
Nepal	Life + 50 years	25 years from creation (applied art and photographic work)^[148]
Netherlands	Life + 70 years^[149]	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work, corporate works with no listed natural author)^[150]
Caribbean Netherlands	Life + 50 years^[151]
New Zealand	Life + 50 years (literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic work)^[152]^{:s. 22(1)}	50 years from creation (computer-generated work)^[152]^{:s. 22(2)}	Yes^[152]^{:s. 22}
Nicaragua	Life + 70 years^[153]
Niger	Life + 50 years^[154]
Nigeria	Life + 70 years (literary, musical or artistic works other than photographs)^[155]	70 years from publication (literary, musical or non-photograph artistic works in the case of government or a body corporate) 50 years from publication (cinematograph films and photographs) 50 years from publication (sound recordings) 50 years from publication (broadcasts)^[155]	Yes^[155]
Norway	Life + 70 years^[156]		Yes ^[156]
Oman	Life + 70 years^[157]	90 years from the year following the publication 120 years from the year following the completion ^[158]	Yes
Pakistan	Life + 50 years^[159]		Yes^[159]
Palau	Life + 50 years^[160]
Panama	Life + 50 years^[161]
Papua New Guinea	Life + 50 years^[162]
Paraguay	Life + 70 years^[163]
Peru	Life + 70 years^[164]
Philippines	Life + 50 years^[165]^{:s. 213.1}	50 years from publication (photographic works), or 50 years from creation if unpublished within 50 years of creation^[165]^{:s. 213.5}	Yes^[165]^{:s. 214}
Poland	Life + 70 years^[166]
Portugal	Life + 70 years [Life + 50 years]^[167]
Qatar	Life + 50 years^[168]
Romania	Life + 70 years^[169]
Russia	Life + 70 years^[170] Date of rehabilitation + 70 years (for unlawfully prosecuted and posthumously rehabilitated) Life + 74 years (for those who fought in or worked during the war of 1941–1945) Protection applies if copyright term of Life + 50 years (or Life + 54 years) did not expire by 1 January 1993^[171]	50 years from publication (radio and television broadcasts) ^[172] 50 years from creation if unpublished, or 50 years from publication (sound records) ^[173] 70 years from publication (anonymous works)^[170] 70 years from publication if published within 70 years from death (posthumous works) 70 years from publication if published before 3 August 1993 by a corporation (cinematographic, television, radio works, print periodicals and compilations).^[171] Protection term applies to "the whole work" only, i.e. individual authors of each protectable part of the whole work retain their own copyright^[174] All copyrights to works published prior to October Revolution (7 November 1917) are believed to have expired.
Rwanda	Berne, TRIPS
St. Kitts and Nevis	Life + 50 years^[75]
St. Lucia	Life + 50 years^[175]
St. Vincent and the Grenadines	Life + 75 years (literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work)^[176]	75 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (sound recording or film)^[176]^{:s. 9(1)} 50 years from creation (computer-generated work)^[176]^{:s. 8(4)} 50 years from creation (broadcast); 50 years after programme included in a cable programme service^[176]^{:s. 10(1)}	Yes^[176]^{:ss. 8–10}
Samoa	Life + 75 years^[177]
San Marino	Life + 50 years^[178]
São Tomé and Príncipe	unknown
Saudi Arabia	Life + 50 years^[179]
Senegal	Life + 70 years^[180]
Serbia^{[Note 12]}	Life + 70 years^[142]
Seychelles	Life + 50 years^[181]	50 years from publication (audio-visual works)^[181]^{:s. 9(1)(ii), (v)} 25 years from creation (applied art)^[181]^{:s. 9(1)(iv)}	Yes^[181]^{:s. 9(1)}
Sierra Leone	Life + 50 years^[182]^{:s. 21}	50 years from publication (photograph, film, or broadcast)^[182]^{:s. 25} 50 years from creation (sound recording)^[182]^{:s. 23}
Singapore^[183]	Life + 70 years (except posthumous work)^[184]^[185]^{:s. 28(2)}	70 years from publication (posthumous work, photograph)^[185]^{:s. 28(3), (6)} 70 years from publication (sound recordings and cinematograph films)^[185]^{:s. 92, 93} 50 years after making (television broadcasts, sound broadcasts, cable programmes)^[185]^{:s. 94, 95} 25 years from publication (published editions of works)^[185]^{:s. 96}	Yes^[185]^{:ss. 28, 92–96}
Sint Maarten	Life + 50 years^[56]
Slovakia	Life + 70 years^[186]
Slovenia	Life + 70 years^[187]
Solomon Islands	Life + 50 years^[188]
Somalia	unknown
South Africa	Life + 50 years (literary or musical works or artistic works, other than photographs)^[189]^{:s. 3(2)(a)}	50 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from creation (cinematography films, photographs, computer programs)^[189]^{:s. 3(2)(b)} 50 years from publication (sound recordings; broadcasts; programme-carrying signals; and published editions)^[189]^{:s. 3(2)(c)}	Yes^[189]^{:s. 3}
Spain	Life + 70 years [Life + 80 years(1879–1987), Life + 60 years(1987–1994)]^[190]		Yes^[190]^{:Art. 30}
Sri Lanka	Life + 70 years^[191]	70 years from publication or if unpublished 50 years from completion (audiovisual work)^[191] 25 years from publication (applied art)^[191]	Yes^[191]
Sudan	Life + 50 years^[192]^{:s. 13(2)}	25 years from publication (photographic pictures and cinematographic films and other audiovisual works; works published under unknown pseudonym or anonymously)^[192]^{:s. 13(3)(a), (c)}
Suriname	Berne, TRIPS
Swaziland	Life + 50 years^[193]
Sweden	Life + 70 years^[194]		Yes^[194]
Switzerland	Life + 70 years effective 1 July 1993 non-retroactively, but Life + 50 years for computer programs^[195] [Life + 50 years (before the law change on 1 July 1993, applicable for deaths through 1942)]^[196]	50 years after performance (performers' rights)^[197]^{:Art. 39}	Yes^[197]^{:Art. 32}
Syria	Life + 50 years^[198]^{:Art. 22}	10 years from production (photographic, fine arts or plastic arts)^[198]^{:Art. 25}
Taiwan	Life + 50 years (except posthumous works first published 40 to 50 years after death)^[199]^{:Art. 30}	50 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[199]^{:Art. 32} 50 years from publication; 50 years from creation if unpublished (corporate works; photographic works, audiovisual works, sound recordings, and performances)^[199]^{:Arts. 33, 34} 10 years from publication (posthumous works first published 40 to 50 years after death)^[199]^{:Art. 30}	Yes^[199]^{:Art. 35}
Tajikistan	Berne
Tanzania	Life + 50 years^[200]
Thailand	Life + 50 years^[201]	50 years from publication or 50 years from creation if not published within 50 years from creation
Timor Leste	Life + 50 years^[94]
Togo	Life + 50 years^[202]
Tonga	Life + 50 years^[203]
Trinidad and Tobago	Life + 50 years^[204]
Tunisia	Life + 50 years^[205]
Turkey	Life + 70 years^[206]
Turkmenistan	Life + 50 years^[207]
Tuvalu	Life + 50 years^[75]
Uganda	TRIPS
Ukraine	Life + 70 years [Life + 25 years (1963—1994), Life + 50 years (1994—2001)]^[208]	70 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work) 70 years from publication (published within 30 years from authors' deaths)^[208]	Yes^[208]
United Arab Emirates	Life + 50 years^[209]
United Kingdom	Life + 70 years If there are multiple authors, life of last surviving author + 70 years^[210]^{:s. 12} For films, life + 70 years for the last to die of: principal director, author of screenplay, author of dialogue, or composer of music specifically created for and used in the film.^[210]^{:s. 13B}	70 years if the author is unknown 70 years after release; if not released, 70 years after making (sound recordings).^[211]Recordings which entered the public domain prior to January 1, 2013 are not retroactively covered. 50 years from end of calendar year when the broadcast was first made (broadcasts)^[210]^{:s. 14}	Yes^[210]^{:s. 12, 13}
United States^[212]	Life + 70 years (works published since 1978 or unpublished works)^[213]	95 years from publication or 120 years from creation whichever is shorter (anonymous works, pseudonymous works, or works made for hire, published since 1978)^[214] 95 years from publication for works published 1964–1977; 28 (if copyright not renewed) or 95 years from publication for works published 1923–1963 (Copyrights prior to 1923 have expired, not including copyrights on sound recordings published prior to Feb 15, 1972, covered only under state laws.)^[215]	Yes^[216]
Universal Copyright Conventionminimum terms	Life + 25 years (general works)^[217]	25 years from publication (specific works not based on authors' deaths)^[217] 10 years (photographic works or to works of applied art)^[218]
Uruguay	Life + 50 years^[219]
Uzbekistan	Life + 50 years^[220]
Vanuatu	Life + 50 years^[221]	25 years after the work is made (works of applied art)^[221] 50 years after the latest of: the date the work is made, the date the work is made available to the public or the date of first publication (works published anonymously or under a pseudonym, collective works and audiovisual works)^[221] 50 years after the death of the last author to die (works of joint authorship)^[221]	Yes^[221]
Vatican City	Life + 70 years^[222]
Venezuela	Life + 60 years^[223]^{:Art. 25}	60 years from publication; 60 years from creation if unpublished (an audiovisual work, a broadcast work or a computer program)^[223]^{:Art. 37} 60 years from publication (anonymous or pseudonymous work)^[223]^{:Art. 27}	Yes^[223]^{:Arts. 25–27}
Vietnam	Berne
Yemen	Life + 30 years	• 10 years from the date of issue from January 1 of the year of issue for photographs; • 25 years from the date of production from January 1 of the production year for motion picture or television film.^[224] After expiry of copyright, the work "may be announced to be the ownership of the State" (emphasis added).^[224]
Zambia	Life + 50 years^[225]
Zimbabwe	Life + 50 years^[226]^[227]^{:s. 5(3), 6(3)(a)}	50 years from publication (photographs)^[227]^{:s. 6(3)(b)} 50 years from creation (Sound recordings)^[227]^{:s. 16(2)} 50 years from publication (cinematograph films, broadcasts)^[227]^{:s. 17(2), s. 18(2)}	Yes^[227]^{:s. 6, 16–18}